Bài giảng Phát triển phần mềm nguồn mở - Bài 6: Laravel - Nguyễn Hữu Thể

PHÁT TRIỂN PHẦN MỀM NGUỒN MỞ
 LARAVEL
 Nguyễn Hữu Thể
 Laravel
− A powerful MVC PHP framework
− Designed for developers who need a simple and 
 elegant toolkit to create full-featured web 
 applications. 
− Laravel was created by Taylor Otwell. 
 2
 Laravel
− Laravel is a MVC framework.
 • Incorporates many of the best features of frameworks like 
 CodeIgniter, Yii, ASP.NET MVC, Ruby on Rails, Sinatra, 
 and others.
− Laravel is an Open Source framework. 
 • It has a very rich set of features which will boost the speed
 of Web Development. 
 3
 Laravel – Features
− Modularity
− Testability
− Routing
− Configuration management
− Query builder and ORM (Object Relational Mapper)
− Schema builder, migrations, and seeding
− Template engine
− E-mailing
− Authentication
− Redis
− Queues
− Event and command bus
 4
 Laravel – Version
Version Release date PHP version
 1.0 June 2011
 2.0 September 2011
 3.0 February 22, 2012
 3.1 March 27, 2012
 3.2 May 22, 2012
 4.0 May 28, 2013 ≥ 5.3.0
 4.1 December 12, 2013 ≥ 5.3.0
 4.2 June 1, 2014 ≥ 5.4.0
 5.0 February 4, 2015 ≥ 5.4.0
5.1 LTS June 9, 2015 ≥ 5.5.9
 5.2 December 21, 2015 ≥ 5.5.9
 5.3 August 23, 2016 ≥ 5.6.4
 5.4 January 24, 2017 ≥ 5.6.4
5.5 LTS August 30, 2017 ≥ 7.0.0
 5.6 February 7, 2018 ≥ 7.1.3
 5.7 September 4, 2018 ≥ 7.1.3 5
 Laravel – Installation
− Server Requirements
 • PHP >= 5.6.4
 • OpenSSL PHP Extension
 • PDO PHP Extension
 • Mbstring PHP Extension
 • Tokenizer PHP Extension
 • XML PHP Extension
 6
 Laravel - Installation
− Step 1 − Visit the following URL and download 
 composer to install it on your system.
− https://getcomposer.org/download/
− Step 2 − After the Composer is installed, check the 
 installation by typing the Composer command in the 
 command prompt as shown in the following 
 screenshot.
 7
 Laravel - Installation
− Step 3 − Move to path where you have created the 
 new directory and type the following command there 
 to install Laravel.
 composer create-project --prefer-dist laravel/laravel MyProject
 Successfully:
 8
 Laravel - Installation
− Step 4 − Open URL in the browser
 Or
 9
 Configuration
− Public Directory
 • Web server's document / web root to be the public directory. 
 • The index.php in this directory serves as the front controller 
 for all HTTP requests entering your application.
− Configuration Files
 • All of the configuration files for the Laravel framework are 
 stored in the config directory. 
− Directory Permissions
 • Directories within the storage and the bootstrap/cache
 directories should be writable by your web server or Laravel 
 will not run. 
 10
 Configuration
− Application Key
 • Set your application key to a random string. 
 • If you installed Laravel via Composer or the Laravel 
 installer, this key has already been set for you by the php 
 artisan key: generate command.
 • Typically, this string should be 32 characters long. 
 • The key can be set in the .env environment file. 
 • Renamed the .env.example file to .env
 • If the application key is not set, your user sessions and other 
 encrypted data will not be secure!
 11
 Configuration
− Additional Configuration
 • Timezone and locale 
 • Cache
 • Database
 • Session
− Configure your local environment: 
 https://laravel.com/docs/5.3/configuration#environment-configuration
 12
 Application structure
− The default Laravel application structure is intended to 
 provide a great starting point for both large and small 
 applications. 
− You are free to organize your application however you like. 
− Laravel imposes almost no restrictions on where any given 
 class is located - as long as Composer can autoload the 
 class.
 13
 Root Directory
− app − the core code of the application.
− bootstrap − the application bootstrapping script.
− config − configuration files of application.
− database − your database migration and seeds.
− public − The application’s document root. It starts the 
 Laravel application. JavaScript, CSS, Images,...
− resources − raw assets such as the LESS & Sass files, 
 localization and language files.
− routes - all of the route definitions for your 
 application. By default, three route files are included 
 with Laravel: web.php, api.php, and console.php.
− storage − App storage, like file uploads... Framework 
 storage (cache), and application-generated logs.
− test − various test cases.
− vendor − composer dependencies. 14
 App Directory
− Console − All the artisan commands are 
 stored in this directory.
− Exceptions − Contains your application's 
 exception handler.
− Http − Contains your controllers, filters, 
 and requests.
− Providers − Contains various service 
 providers.
 15